Nigeria s militant islamist group boko haram is fighting to overthrow the government and create an islamic state. In 2015 the group began calling itself islamic state in west africa. Nigerian authorities often deny or downplay such incidents, including the chibok girl kidnapping and more recent abductions, as well as the scale of boko haram attacks in the northeast. Diis publications can be downloaded free of charge or ordered from. Boko haram is an extremist militant group whose name translates as western education is forbidden. Haram has taken control of 40%, or even 70%, of borno state, though it is difficult to verify. Date citystate attacks and number of casualties 27 july, 2009 potiskum in yobe state divisional police headquarters, three policemen and. Boko haram violence against women and girls in northeast. Yusuf, the founder of boko haram, was killed by government forces while in custody, allegedly while trying to escape, after the july 2009 uprisings in northeastern nigeria mamman nur 2002 to january 2012. Nigerias buhari under pressure over boko haram abduction. Waging a highly irregular war an insurgency in northeast nigeria since september 2010, boko haram over the years has escalated as a threat form. Likewise, deaths from boko haram s attacks represented nearly 70 percent of all fatalities from terrorist attacks in nigeria. Today, boko haram is ostensibly weaker and is not able to conduct largescale attacks any more. Click download or read online button to get women s role in the boko haram conflict book now.
Z ahra and amina seem like lucky survivors of the scourge of northeastern nigeria, the jihadist movement known as boko haram. Nigerias militant islamist group boko haram is fighting to overthrow the government and create an islamic state. Boko haram insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria. This is against the backdrop of the rising spate of violent attacks. The movement is unique in that it combines a sectarian, radical islamic agenda with violence. Yet messages are still downloaded and circulated offline in a discreet.
This study adopts poverty theory to examine the threat of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. The anatomy of a crisis 10 since 2009 boko haram has become a metaphor for insecurity in nigeria after the government launched a clampdown on the group, which resulted in some 800 deaths, mostly of the sect members. This book focuses on boko haram and terrorism in nigeria, framing the conflict in an international law context. Boko harams attacks against civilians in nigeria amnesty international has documented evidence of war crimes and crimes against humanity committed by boko haram, including murder, torture, rape, forced marriages and the recruitment of child soldiers. This research examined the activities of the boko haram sect and how it has impeded the national security, economic, political and social matrix of the nigerian polity. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigerias muslim and christian communities, and the insurgents ultimate aim is to establish an islamic state. Boko haram attacks have been primarily concentrated in northeast nigeria, but the group has claimed responsibility for attacks across north and central nigeria. However the group members call themselves jamaah alahlu alsunnah li aldawah wa aljihad. The boko haram insurgency began in 2009, when the jihadist group boko haram started an armed rebellion against the government of nigeria. To achieve the objective of the study, the following thematic areas were explored. Since 2009 the group has carried out largescale acts of violence.
The militant islamist group boko harams increasingly bold attacks in nigeriamost notably its april kidnapping of nearly three hundred female studentsthreaten to fuel further muslim. Boko haram attacks and security force abuses in nigeria, october 11, 2012, pp. Boko haram in nigeria the latest news from al jazeera. Abstract boko haram, the islamic radical sect from northeastern nigeria, has been responsible since 2009 for a string of bomb attacks strategically directed at the nigerian government, security. It is noteworthy that the boko haram crisis, coincidentally, became fiercer and popular at a time when there was intense mutual suspicion and tension between the northern and southern elites over the issue of rotation of state power. Date citystate attacks and number of casualties 27 july, 2009 potiskum in yobe state. Boko haram activities in the northeast of nigeria have created a. By 2014, this threat extended beyond nigerias borders. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national security. Boko haram however did not necessarily achieve this threat. Pdf boko haram insurgency in nigeria as a symptom of poverty.
Boko haram insurgency and national security challenges in. Islamic group says it was behind fatal nigeria attacks. More than 5,000 civilians flee the southern state of bayelsa following threats of boko haram attacks against christians there. The conflict takes place within the context of longstanding issues of religious violence between nigeria s muslim and christian communities, and the insurgents ultimate aim is to establish an islamic state. They detonate bombladen cars in market areas and churches. Bh is a nigeriabased group responsible for numerous attacks in northern and northeastern nigeria that have killed thousands of people since its. Attack on soldiers on the boma peninsula on sunday lasted at least seven hours and reinforcements were. Federal university lafia, nigeria abstract this paper explores the humanitarian impact of terrorism in nigeria from the standpoint of boko haram insurgency. Since late 2010, the organization has been responsible for a brutal campaign of attacks targeting public officials and institutions and, increasingly, ordinary men, women, and children, wreaking havoc across northern nigeria. It analyses the nature of political violence and the dominant roles of a violent nationstate in both colonial. The groups objective was to establish an islamic state and institutionalize sharia law in nigeria, particularly the northeast region. Boko haram, islamic sectarian movement founded in 2002 in northeastern nigeria. Nur was thirdincommand under yusuf and secondincommand under shekau. Boko haram, jideofor adibe, contributes the first article in the collection.
Afr 4424982015 24 september 2015 at least 94 people died on sunday 20 september when bombs exploded in the cities of maiduguri and monguno in north east nigeria. The history of boko haram boko harams origins lie in a group of radical islamist youth who worshipped at the alhaji muhammadu ndimi mosque in maiduguri a decade ago. The terrorist group boko haram, or the selfdescribed people of the tradition of the prophet saw for preaching and striving, continues to terrorise nigeria, with horrible consequences. Jan 14, 2019 z ahra and amina seem like lucky survivors of the scourge of northeastern nigeria, the jihadist movement known as boko haram. News of the attacks was slow to emerge with communication in the area difficult as boko haram has destroyed telecom masts in the region in attacks. The unicef reports that one in five suicide bombers used by boko haram has been a child. War crimes committed by boko haram in northeast nigeria. The group has caused havoc in africas most populous country through a campaign of. With an aim to restore order in the northern region of nigeria, the epicentre of boko haram, the nigerian government in june 2011 created the joint task force jtf as a special military task force, involving the main components of the states armed forces, to counter the. However, the worst and most despicable of these attacks is the ugly strategy of targeting mosque and churches during worship. Boko harams sixyearold insurgency has pitted neighbour against neighbour, and cost more than 00 lives. Oct 27, 2014 9 human rights watch, spiraling violence.
In nigeria, boko haram wa s responsible for more than 80 percent of all terrorist attacks between 1970 and 201 3 for which a perpetrator group was identified, despite their relatively recent onset of violence in 2009. Boko haram attacks in northern cameroon continue unabated. The actual number of dead is likely to be much higher. The victims included a teaseller, a drug store owner and a passerby. At the time, not a day went by without a daily newspaper headline about the attacks by boko haram. The boko haram insurgency first appeared in maiduguri in borno state, northeast nigeria around 2002. The book traces the early beginnings of the religious sect. June 16 twin suicide bomb attacks in ndjamena twin suicide bombings blamed on boko haram jihadists killed 24 people and wounded more than 100 in the first such attacks in chads capital ndjamena. Boko harams deadly impact council on foreign relations. In the tracks of boko haram in cameroon crisis group. But now the group is launching attacks in neighboring. The abuses against women and girls documented in this report occurred against the backdrop of a dramatic increase in the pace and intensity of boko harams attacks against civilian targets from mid20, after the federal government imposed a state of emergency in borno, adamawa, and yobe states. Boko harams attacks increasingly targeted civilians and from 2012 the.
Nigerias boko haram group explained in 60 seconds bbc. Another boko haram mass kidnapping has cast doubts on nigerias claims to have virtually defeated the jihadists, putting the government under scrutiny as elections approach next year. Terrorism and nigerian economy and assesement of the boko. He states that boko haram and similar groups represent a retreat from the nigeria project, with the state increasingly unable to fulfill its part of the social contract. The impact of boko haram insurgency on nigerian national.
The nature of nigerias boko haram war, 20102015 universiteit. A common account of the groups origin traces it back to 2002, when mohammed yusuf, a charismatic preacher, became its leader. Pdf the psychological trauma inflicted by boko haram. The media and boko haram insurgency in nigeria a content. Cnni talks to jacob zenn of the jamestown foundation about the rise of attacks by extremist group, boko haram, in nigeria. Boko haram attacks spread beyond nigerias borders for a long time, the islamist extremists known as boko haram mostly struck in nigeria. A litany of boko haram attacks in nigeria 2009 2012. Jan 29, 2020 a litany of boko haram attacks in nigeria 2009 2012. There has been the conflict in the englishspeaking area, but also the postelectoral crisis which has focused attention. Refer to the arabic language islamic and african studies journal alqiraat, rabi alakhir. Mar 30, 2016 smith has written a short but very informative book on the horrible subject matter concerning boko haram.
In the following months, the insurgents carry out a series of coordinated attacks in kano, nigerias second biggest city, killing nearly 200 people. Boko harams evolving threat africa center for strategic. The group forced men, women, and children to participate in military operations on its behalf. Nigerias boko haram group explained in 60 seconds bbc news. Likewise, deaths from boko harams attacks represented nearly 70 percent of all fatalities from terrorist attacks in nigeria. Apr 30, 2012 the reemergence of the nigerian militant islamist group boko haram is cause for significant concern. Nashatuh, mabadiuh wa am luh fi naygeeriyah the boko haram group in nigeria. According to liolio 20, the successful recruitment of the people into the group. Frictions with shekau lead nurs followers to form a splinter group.
Find out more about boko haram attacks and their impact on nigeria. Nov 03, 20 the discourse on boko haram has undoubtedly become another ethnic issue in the country. Terrorism and nigerian economy and assesement of the boko haram insurgency uthman saheed september 27, 2019 political science project topics this is a complete project material on terrorism and nigerian economy and assesement of the boko haram insurgency from chapter one to five with references and abstract. The psychological trauma inflicted by boko haram insurgency in the north eastern nigeria. For more than a decade, boko haram fighters have terrorised civilians and exchanged fire with soldiers around lake chad, where the borders of nigeria, niger, cameroon and chad meet. Their attacks have been smallscale until autumn 2010, when fighters free 700 inmates from a prison in bauchi and attack a mosque in maiduguri, frequented by muslims opposing the. Boko haram emerged around 2002 as a local islamic group. The word boko haram means western education is forbidden.
State of emergency in nigeria peace at daggers drawn. June 12 several days of nighttime raids on six remote villages that left at least 37 people dead in northeastern nigeria. To protest the election of goodluck jonathan, a christian from southern nigeria, boko haram carried out a series of bombings during jonathans presidential inauguration in may 2011. Women s role in the boko haram conflict download ebook. The research argued that the insurgence of the sect would continually be a. Boko haram analyzes the activities and atrocities of nigerias jihadi terrorist group, boko haram, in the context of global religious fundamentalism and extremism. Mar 02, 2018 another boko haram mass kidnapping has cast doubts on nigeria s claims to have virtually defeated the jihadists, putting the government under scrutiny as elections approach next year. A new study of the conflict offers fresh perspective on how lethal it has been, especially for civilians, and the pattern behind boko harams attacks.
Boko haram in order to understand how the boko haram insurgency threatens security, it is pertinent to provide a background of its evolution. Women s role in the boko haram conflict download ebook pdf. In july 2010, boko harams former secondincommand, abubakar shekau, appeared in a video claiming leadership of the group and threatening attacks on western influences in nigeria. Boko haram and islamic fundamentalism in nigeria 47 to date, boko harams attacks have become increasingly daring and lethal, from sporadic skirmishes with police and sectarian violence prior to 2009 to attacks on well guarded and heavily fortified targets such as the united nations compound in the nigerian.
Boko haram conducted mass abductions of men, women, and children, often in conjunction with attacks on communities. Pdf the emergence of the islamist sect, boko haram has led to the flight of. Boko haram attacks spread beyond nigeria s borders for a long time, the islamist extremists known as boko haram mostly struck in nigeria. Active since 2002, it is fighting to carve out an islamic state from ethnically and religiously divided nigeria. Boko haram and islamic fundamentalism in nigeria 47 to date, boko harams attacks have become increasingly daring and lethal, from sporadic skirmishes with police and sectarian violence prior to 2009 to attacks on well guarded and heavily fortified targets.
Those abducted by boko haram were subjected to physical and psychological abuse, forced labor, and forced religious. Boko haram and the islamic states west africa province. Get your kindle here, or download a free kindle reading app. In 2002, an offshoot of this youth group not yet known as boko haram declared the city and the islamic establishment to be intolerably corrupt and irredeemable. Secondly, freedom onuoha explores boko haram attacks on the telecommunication infrastructure in. Pdf boko haram terrorism and human security in nigeria.
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